Paper-machine.



S. E. DART.

PAPER MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED FBB.2,1909.

924,4,3. Patented June 15, 1909.

IIIIIIIIH j "mun:

SAMUEL E. DART, OF- SOUTH MANCHESTER, CONNECTICUT.

PAPER-MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1909.

Application filed February 2, 1909. Serial No. 476,562.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. DART, a citizen of the United States,residing at South Manchester, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented a new and useful Paper-Machine, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of paper of any character fromstock containing more or less fibrous binder, on a single or multiplecylinder paper making machine.

Paper made on the common cylinder machine has more or less grain, thatis, its

fibers extend parallel in the direction of the length of the web. Such acondition renders the paper comparatively weak for, while such paperdoes not easily tear across the grain or bers, it tears or splits easilyin line with the length of the fibers, or with the grain. This resultsfrom the fact that the fibers, or the fibrous constituents of the'binder of the pulp, travel longitudinall or lengthwise wit the current,as the stu flows in the vat, and meet the cylinder end on, and, as thecylinder revolves, are drawn parallel onto its periphery so as to lielengthwise with respect to their movement, or transversely of t e axisof the cylinder.

The object ofthis invention is to provide a c linder machine with verysimple, cheap an eflicient means, whereb the direction of travel of thefibers of the binder in the ulp or stuff, as they flow in the vat, wi bechanged or deflected so the fibers will be presented sidewise to thecylinder and will e picked up thereby and laid on its surface at anangle'to the line of travel, that is, parallel with or obli ue-to theaxis of the c linder, and thus will be interwoven to sue an extent thatthe web formed will have no perceptible grain or easy direction ofrupture. This object is attained by arranging 1n the vat, in front ofthe cylinder, deflecting plates of suitable shape, which as the stockflows past change the directions of the fibers with respect to thenatural direction of their travel to and onto the cylinder, so they willbe laid at .angles with each other and interwoven in the web formed onthe cylinder.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a plan of a small portion ofone end of a cylinder machine, provided with means which embody thisinventiom Fig. 2 shows a vertical longitudinal section of the same, on'the plane indicated by the dotted line 22 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows avertical transverse section on the plane indicated by the dotted line3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows on larger scale, an edge view of one of thedeflecting plates that may be used. Fig. 5 shows a side view of thesame; and Fig. 6 illustrates a mechanism by which the de fleeting platesmay be vibrated or reciprocated transversely of the vat.

A single cylinder machine is illustrated in the drawings, although theinvention is equally applicable to a multiple cylinder machine.- The vat1 of the machine shown is of ordinary size and shape and of commonconstruction and materials. Mounted on the shaft 2, which extending.transversely of the vat, is supported as usual by bearings in the sidewalls, and is designed to be rotated b the usual means, is the cylinder3. This 0 inder is of the customary construction am? is designed tocollect pulp from the vat and form it into the web which is couched inthe because it forms no art of the present invention) from the c inder.

In front of the cylinder is the usual breast or dam 4, over which theulp flows as it passes to the cylinder. Be ow the cylinder 1s the commonscroll 5 with back-fall 6, over which the ulp, that is not collectedupon the c linder, flows to the outlet 7 in the side of t e vat, and ispumped back in the usual (in the breast of the machine illustrated, andin the pass-way for the pulp or stuff, 1n front of the cylinder, aremounted four superosed rows or series of deflector plates 8. Each ofthese deflector lates is preferabl curved, as shown, and all the platesin eac row are arranged so as to curve in the same direction, buttheplates of each alternate row are placed so as to curve in oppositedirections. These deflectorplates are desirably arranged in a frame 9formed of top and bottom plates, and the plates 10- which separate therows or series. Oneway of fastening the deflector plates is to rovidethem at both ends with lugs 11, as s own in Figs. 4

usual way by the ordinary roll (not shown actuated by and 5, and toinsert these lugs in perforations in the frame plates.

The frame carrying the deflector plates may be secured in position onthe dam at any desired distance from the front of the cylinderby setscrews 12, which pass through the side walls of the vat into the frame.If desired, the frame carrying the deflector plates may be mounted on anarbor 13, and this arbor can be provided with a rocker arm 14, that maybe moved back and forth by a rod any suitable means. With thisconstructlon, when the set screws'are loosened, the frame and thedeflector plates may be given a slight oscillation or vibratory movementon the axis of the frame. The frame carrying the deflector lates could,if desired, as shown in Fig. 6, be arranged between guides 16 extendingtransversely above the breast between the side walls of the vat.

18, or other means driven by suitable mechanism, for giving the frame avibratory movement, or a longitudinal.reciprocation transversel of thebreast and parallel with the axis 0 the cylinder.

The positions of the fibers, as they are deflected, with respect to thedirection of their flow wlth the stuff passing over the breast, will bedetermined b the direction of the curved surfaces of t eends of theplates with which they engage as they flow ast the lates to thecylinder. As a result 0 the emp foyment of such means as are described,when the stock flows over the breast and to the cylinder, the lowest rowof deflector plates will direct its course and change the position ofthe fibers with respect to the natural direction of flow so they areinclined to meet the surface of the cylinder broad side or at an angle,and thus be drawn on parallel to or spiral with relation to the axis ofthe cylinder. abovewill cause the fibers to lie on the cylin- ,derspirally in the opposite direction. Those next. above will direct thefibers to the surface of the cylinder the same as the lowest, while thehighest plate will direct the fibers as do the lates next to the lowest.Any desired num er of deflector plates mav be used, and any number oftiers of these plates may be employed, and they may curve more or lessor may even be straight, as long as they are arranged to alter thenatural position of the fibers with respect to the direction of theirtravel as the stuff flows past the plates to the cylinder.

By reason of the conditions im osed on the fibers by the arrangement ofde ector plates shown and described, the fibers instead of meeting thesurface of the cylinder end on, and being drawn onto the cylinderparallel The frame thus mounted could be connected by a link 17 with acrank l he deflector-plates immediately.

and in line with the direction of travel of the surface of the cylinder,are presented sidewise in different directions, to the cylinder so thatsome are drawn on parallel with the axis of the cylinder and at rightangles to the direction of movement of the surface of the cylinder, andsome are drawn on spirally in one direction and some spirally in anotherdirection, as the cylinder rotates. This causes the binding fibers tobecome interwoven in the web formed on the cylinder so that the paperwhich is produced from the web that is couched from the cylinder, has nodistinctive grain, it will not tear any easier one way than another, andthus is very strong.

Curving the deflector plates in the manner shown, more or less restrictsthe space through which the stock flows and this consequently increasesthe speed of flow of the stock 'ust before it reaches the cylinder sothat t e fibers are more inclined to be laid.

on the cylinder in the desired manner than would be the case if thespeed of flow was not increased in this manner.

The invention claimed is:

1. The combination in a paper making machine,,of a cylinder, and aseries of curved lates arranged edgewise in the pulp-way in fiont of thecylinder.

2. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, severalseries of plates superposed edgewise in thepulp-way in front of thecylinder.

3. The combination in a paper makin machine,of a cylinder, a series ofcurver lates arranged edgewise in the pulp-way in fiont of the cylinder,and a series of plates curving in the opposite direction arranged abovethe first mentioned series.

4. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, severalseries of plates arranged edgewise one above the other in the pulp-wayin front of the cylinder, and plates separating the several series ofplates- .5. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, aframe extending across the pulp-way in front of the cylinder, platesarranged ed ewise in said frame, and means for moving t e frame.

6. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, a frameextending across the pulp-way in front of the cylinder,

lates held edgewise by the frame, and means for oscillating the frame.

7. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, a frameextending transversely of the pulp-way in front of the cylinder, platessupported edgewise by the frame for directing the flow of pulp to thecylinder, and means for reci rocating and oscillating the frame bearingt 1e plates.

8. The combination in a paper making machine, of a cylinder, a frameextending transversely of the pulp-Way in front of the inclined in onedirection, and a superposed cylinder, plates arranged edgewise inwtheseries of plates inclined in the opposite diframefor directing the flowof pulp to the rection, in front of the cylinder.

cylinder, and means for securing the frame SAMUEL E. DARTQ 5 the desireddistance from the cylinder. Witnesses:

9. The combination in a paper making JOSEPHINE M. STREMPFER,

machine, of a cylinder, 21, series of plates I HARRY H. WILLIAMS.

